Fracture Optimization eXpert (FOX) - How Computational Intelligence Helps the Bottom-Line in Gas Storage; A Case Study

Just like any other industry, the bottom-line in gas storage is economics. Any tool, new or old, conventional or unconventional, is evaluated by its contribution to the bottom-line. Fracture Optimization eXpert (FOX) is a new software tool that has been developed using the cutting edge of information technology, namely Computational Intelligence. Two different paradigms of Computational Intelligence was used in development of FOX. They are Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Programming. What distinguishes FOX from conventional frac simulators (Frac-pro, …) is its unique capability to A) not only predict post-frac deliverability but also B) suggest the best possible combination of frac parameters for optimum results. Furthermore, FOX is able to do this using only historical (production / injection) data and well completion data. In other words, FOX can do without reservoir data such as porosity, permeability, and stress profile data that are an essential part of any conventional approach. In this paper FOX is applied to a gas storage field in north eastern Ohio (Clinton Sand). The accuracy of its post-frac deliverability prediction is demonstrated. Using only available historical data optimum frac jobs are designed and the improvement of post-frac deliverability is calculated. A cost - benefit analysis is performed to show the advantages of using this method when compared to conventional approach. FOX can help the bottom-line by eliminating the need for expensive data collection processes such as well tests, coring,…., while its predictions of post-frac deliverability has a high accuracy. Furthermore, even if such data is available for a field, conventional frac simulators only provide frac job outcome for any particular design, planned by engineers. They are not able to optimize the frac treatment procedure to get the best possible result for any individual well, a capability that makes FOX unique.